Circulating and radiating heater



A. JOHNSON f CIRCULATING AND RADIATING HEATER Filed July 1. 1924 'Olli/liliana.

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June 9, 1925.

, I I I t I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Patented June 9, 1925.

l. UNITED STATES- .AXEL JOHNSON, 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

CIRCULATING AND RADIATING HEATER.

Application mea 'muy 1,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, AXEL JOHNSON, al

citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Circulatin andRadiating Heaters, of which the fo lowing isa specification.

The present invention relates to room heaters of the type employing both radiation and air convect-ion. 1

The princi al Object of the invention is to provide a eater of simple and inexpensive construction which will be eflicient in operation. A secondary object is to prov1de a heater ada ted for the economical use of electricity 1n the heating member. A still further Object is to provide vsuch a heater in sectional form, so that heaters of various sizes and capacities may be quickly assembled from standardized; unitsor sections of a comparatively small number of forms. y These and other objects of the invention will become apparent from the following specication and the accompan ing drawings, in which is described and ilustrated, as a typical example, a heater embodying the invention, and provided with an electric heating member. -It is to be understood, however, that other forms of heating members may be used, and that the construction and form of the device may be' varied from that herein shown and described, without departing from the essential principles o the invention as expressed in the claims hereto appended.

With this' in View a typical heater embodying my present' invention will now be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinalfsection of: one end portion O the heater, taken partly on the line 1-1 and partly on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

' Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 2-2of Fig.,1.

Fi 3 is a horizontal sectiontaken on the llne 3-3 of Fig. .2 4

The heater showny in the drawings comprises a plurality of adjacent sections 1, which are formed With lower heating'chambers 2, upper circulating chambers 3, land flues 4 connecting said lower vand upper chambers. Apertured lugs 5 are provlded, through which extend longitudinal rods or` 1924. serial No. 723,508.

bolts 6 for holding the entire series of sections together. The lower or heating chambers 2 are open at their ends, thus communicating with each other and forming a continuous chamber extending the entire length of the heater. The endmost sections, however, are closed as shown at 7, forming ends for said continuous chamber. The chambers 2 are open at the bottom to admit air, and are provided with brackets 8 adapted to support a deflector plate 9 extending the entire length of the heater. Said plate 9, which is spaced from the sides of thc chambers 2, as shown at 10, protects the floor beneath the heater from direct radiation from the heating members. The upper chambers 3 are also provided with intercommunicating flanged apertures 11, the end sections being closed as shown at 12. Said apertures may be ofany suitable size and form, and the flanges 13 thereof are out away at their lower portions, as shown at 14, to provide for the discharge of the air from within the heater. Said outlets 14 are preferably so proportioned' that their total aggregate area is somewhat less than that of the air inlet opening 10, so that the circulation of air is restricted at its outlet from the heater, rather than at its inlet.

yThe continuous chamber formed by the series of connecting chambers 2 is adapted for the reception of one or more heating members, which may` be of any suitable form and type. In the drawings, I have shown a preferred form of electric heating member, there being one such heating member positioned within the chamber 2 of each section. Eachof said heating members, all of which are alike, comprises spaced horizontal bars 15 of suitable refractory insulating material, connected by spacing rods 16, anda coil of suitable resistance wire, indicated by the broken line 17. The heating member thus formed is supported transverselywithin the chamber 2 in any desired manner, as Afor example by screwsk 18v eX- tending from the'ends of the upper bar 15. The coils 17 of the heating members may be connected in any desired manner in a'circuit o1' combination of circuits, but for purposes of illustration I have shown said heating coils as connected with a pair ofgconductors 19 extending lengthwise through the heater from a switch. indicated at 20. It is understood ythat suitable conductors, ynot shown,

rents are set up b v the expansion olE the heated air, the cold air enter through the bottom openings l0, over and around the heating members and being heated thereby, then rising through the fines and escaping through the upper openings.I la. The heater there tore operates both b v convection or circulation otn air, and by radiation from its exterior, the walls of the sections l being heated partlyY by the passage ot the *heated air theretluxongh and pai-tlv bj: direct radiation from the heating members.

@n account et the positioning of the air outlet opening in `thel ilower portions o.: the connecting flanges lil, dust and foreign matter are eivclnded troni the interior oi the heater. and the air is itorced to Follow a somewhat tort-ners pa therebjvv more liectivelv heat the ni )er porti ns ot the sections l, and causing ire `radiation thereili-rom. This eli'ect is `s l "further increased b v the restriction of tne circulation at the outlets ll. rather than at the inlets l0.

It will lbe =i-'eadil}.v sein that the sei'tional construction oi injy' heater enables the assembling lci 'heaters ol an)Y desred size or capacitv fronifbut two 'forms of sections, viz: the 'inside torni and the end form.

'1. il circulating and radiating heater comprising a 'pluralitv ot 'assen'ibled sections, each section vhai a llower chamber, an 'upper chamber. and a connecting flue therebetween, said lower chambers of the assenibijf `communicathig with each other and having air inlet openii'igs `in their loefer portions, and said 'upper chambers communicating `with eachother and'having air outlet openings; and a heating member positioned within each of said rlower chambers.

1A Vcirculating and radiating `heater comprisingy a pluralitj,v of sections. each sec- 'tion having a lower chamber, an ugper chamber, and a connecting tluo therebetween, said lower chambers having air inlet openings in their lower po yions and coinniuni rating with each other 'to 'torni :i conltiniious chai dier extendingthe entire lent, h oil the heater, and said `upper chambers communicating with each other to term a continuous chamber entendiinr the entire length o'il the heater and having air outlet openings; and a heat'ing member positioned within said lower continuons chamber.

'3. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a` plurali@vv of sections, each section having a lower chamber, an upper chamber, and a connecting flue therebetween, said lower chambers having air inlet openings in 'their vlower portions and communicating with each other to form a continuous chamber extending the entire length oli the heater, and said upper chambers having' downwardly directed air outlet openings' and a heating member positioned within said lower continuous chamber.

si.. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a pluralityv et sections, each section having a lower chamber, an upper chamber, and a connecting flue therebetween, said lower chambers having air inlet openings lin their 4lower portions and communicating with each other to form a cont-inuous chamber extending the entire length of the heater, and said upper chambers having air outlet openings, Athe aggregate areaV otl said outlet openings being `less than the aggregate area ot said inlet opening: and a heating member positioned within said lower continuous chamber.

5. A circulating and radiatingl heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a lower chamber ,provided with an air inlet opening', an upper chamber provided with an air outlet opening, and a flue connecting said chambers; and a heating member positioned in the lower chamber ot each section.

6. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a shell having a lower chamber provided with an air inlet opening,an upper chamber provided with an air outlet openling ot less area than said inlet opening, and a tine connecting said chambers; and a heating member positioned within said lower chamber.

7. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a shell havingr a lower chamber lprmided with an air inlet opening, an upper chamber provided with a downwardly directed air outlet opening` and a flue connecting said chambers; andan electric heating member positioned within said lower chamber.

8. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a pluralit)VT of sections. each section having a lower chamber provided with an. air inletopening. an upper chamber provided with air outlet opening, and a flue connecting said chambers; means tor delachablv securing the sections in parallel relat-ion` and an electric heating member positioned within the lower chamber of' each section.

9. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a plurality of' sections, each section having a lower chamber provided with an air inlet opening, an upper chamber provided with an air outlet opening, and a line connecting said chambers, the upper chambers of adjacent sections communicating with each other through flanged apertures; and a heating member positioned within the lower chamber of each section.

'10. A circulating and radiating heater comprising a plurality of sections, each section having a lower chamber provided with an ir inlet opening, an upper chamber, and a flue connecting said chambers, the upper chambers of adjacent sections communica# ing with each other through anged apertures, and the flanges of said apertures being cut away at their lower portions to providel air outlet openings; and a heating member positioned within the lower chamber of each 10 section.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication.

AXEL JOHNSON. 

